Политический порядок в меняющихся обществах
Шрифт:
(39) George С Lodge, «Revolution in Latin America», Foreign Affairs, 44 (Jan. 1966), 177; Pye, p. 38, 51.
(40) Daniel Lemer, Тле Passing of Traditional Society (Glencoe, III., Free Press, 1958), p. 438; курсив в оригинале.
(41) Robert A. Dahl, Who Governs? (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1961), p. 85–86.
(42) Karl W. Deutsch, «Social Mobilization and Political Development», American Political Science Review, 55 (Sept. 1961), 494.
(43)
(44) См.: Banfield, p. 85 ff.
(45) Thomas Hodgkin, «Letter to Dr. Biobaku», Odu, No. 4 (1957), p. 42; цит. no: Immanuel Wallerstein, «Ethnicity and National Integration in West Africa», Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines, No. 3 (Oct. 1960); David Abemethy, «Education and Politics in a Developping Society: The Southern Nigerian Experience» (unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Harvard University, 1965), p. 307; курсив в оригинале.
(46) «Report on Preliminary Results of Cross-Cultural Study of Ethnocentrism», by Robert A. LeVine and Donald T. Campbell, Carnegie Corporation of New York Quarterly (Jan. 1966), p. 7.
(47) Feierabend, «Aggressive Behaviors», p. 258–262; Bruce M. Russett et al., World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1964), p. 273; Raymond Tanter and Manus Midlarsky, «A Theory of Revolution», Journal of Conflict Resolution, 11 (Sept. 1967); Raymond Tanter, «Dimensions of Conflict Behavior Within Nations, 1955–1960: Turmoil and Internal War», Papers, Peace Research Society, 3 (1965), 173.
(48) Выступление Роберта Макнамары в Монреале, Квебек, 18 мая 1966 г. (New York Times, May 19,1966, p. 11); Brecher, p. 62–63.
(49) Hayward R. Alker, Jr. and Bruce M. Russett, «The Analysis of Trends and Patterns», in Russett et al., p. 306–307. См. также: Ted Gurr with Charles Ruttenberg, The Conditions of Civil Violence: First Tests of a Causal Model (Princeton, Princeton University, Center of International Studies, Research Monograph No. 28,1967), p. 66–67.
(50) Harry Eckstein, «Internal War: The Problem of Anticipation», in Ithiel de Sola Pool et al., Social Science Research and National Security (Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution, 1963), p. 120–121.
(51) Feierabend, p. 263.
(52) Manus Midlarsky and Raymond Tanter, «Toward a Theory of Political Instability in Latin America», Journal of Peace Research, 4 (1967), 215. См. также обнаруженную Робертом Путнемом положительную связь между экономическим развитием (но не социальной мобилизацией) и военной интервенцией в Латинской Америке: «Toward Explaining Military Intervention in Latin American Politics», World Politics, 20 (Oct. 1967), 94–97.
(53) Bert Hoselitz and Myron Weiner,
(54) William Kornhauser, The Politics of Mass Society (Glencoe, III., Free Press, 1959), p. 143–44.
(55) William Howard Wriggins, Ceylon: Dilemmas of a New Nation (Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1960), p. 134–135,138-140.
(56) Kornhauser, p. 145 (курсив в оригинале); Seymour Martin Lipset, Political Man (Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1960) p. 68 (курсив в оригинале).
(57) Conroe, «A Cross-National Analysis», p. 65–73, 86–87; Feierabend, p. 263–267.
(58) Cyril E. Black, The Dynamics of Modernization (New York, Harper and Row, 1966), p. 90–94.
(59) Tanter and Midlarsky, p. 272, где цит. готовящаяся к изданию кн.: Dimensions of Nations by Rummel, Sawyer and Guetzkow; Conroe, p. 66.
(60) Wriggins, p. 119, 245. Нестабильность на Цейлоне, измеренная с помощью индекса Файерабенда-Несволда-Конроу, выросла с 3:012 в 1948–1954 гг. до 4:089 в 1955–1962 гг.; см.: Conroe, Table 1.
(61) Gregory Henderson, Korea: The Politics of the Vortex (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, готовится к печати 1968), p. 170.
(62) Hoselitz and Weiner, p. 177.
(63) David Abemethy and Trevor Coombe, «Education and Politics in Developing Countries», Harvard Educational Review, 35 (Summer 1965), 292.
(64) Цит. в: Abemethy, p. 501.
(65) Deutch, «Social Mobilization and Political Development», p. 496.
(66) Mancur Olson, Jr., «Rapid Growth as a Destabilizing Force», Journal of Economic History, 23 (Dec. 1963), 532. Этот перечень дестабилизирующих последствий экономического роста взят в основном из статьи Олсона.
(67) Alexis de Tocqueville, The Old Regime and the French Revolution (Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1955), p. 173, 175–176; Crane Brinton, The Anatomy of Revolution (New York, Vintage, 1958), p. 264; Olson, p. 544–547; Tanter and Midlarsky, p. 272–274; Hoselitz and Weiner, p. 173 (цит. об Индии).
(68) См.: Samuel A. Stouffer et al., The American Soldier (Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1949), I, 251–258, 275–276.
(69) Conroe, p. 65–69; Martin С Needier, Political Development in Latin America: Instability, Violence, and Evolutionary Change (New York, Random House), гл. 5.
(70) Eric Hoffer, Тле True Believer (New York, New American Library, 1951), p. 17; Daniel Gold-rich, «Toward an Estimate of the Probability of Social Revolutions in Latin America: Some Orienting Concepts and a Case Study», Centennial Review, 6 (Summer 1962), 394 ff.