Теория струн и скрытые измерения вселенной
Шрифт:
270
Bong Lian (Brandeis University), interview with author, December 12, 2007.
271
Michael Atiyah, “Pulling the Strings,” Nature 438 (December 22–29, 2005): 1,082.
272
Glennda Chui, “Wisecracks Fly When Brian Greene and Lawrence Krauss Tangle Over String Theory,” Symmetry 4 (May 2007): 17–21.
273
Sean Carroll, “String Theory: Not Dead Yet,” Cosmic Variance blog, Discover online magazine, May 24,2007, http://cosmicvariance.com.
274
Edward Witten, quoted in
275
Ibid.
276
Alan Guth (MIT), interview with author, September 13, 2007.
277
Brian Greene, The Elegant Universe (New York: Vintage Books, 2000), p. 261.
278
Max Tegmark (MIT), interview with author, October 23, 2007.
279
Faye Flam, “Getting Comfortable in Four Dimensions,” Science 266 (December 9, 1994): 1, 640.
280
Cumrun Vafa (Harvard University), interview with author, January 19, 2007.
281
Robbert Dijkgraaf (University of Amsterdam), interview with author, February 8, 2007.
282
David Morrison (University of California, Santa Barbara), interview with author, May 27, 2008.
283
Allan Adams (MIT), interview with author, May 23, 2008.
284
Joe Polchinski (University of California, Santa Barbara), interview with author, August 31, 2007.
285
Edward Witten (Institute for Advanced Study), e-mail letter to author, January 30, 2007.
286
Adams, interview with author, May 23, 2008.
287
Turnbull WWW Server, “Quotations by Gauss,” School of Mathematical Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland, February 2006, http://wwwgroups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/-history/Quotations/Gauss.html.
288
Ibid.
289
Brian Greene, “String Theory on Calabi-Yau Manifolds,” lectures given at Theoretical Advanced Study Institute, 1996 session (TASI-96), Boulder, June 1996.
290
К. C. Cole, “Time, Space Obsolete in New View of Universe,” Los Angeles Times, November 16, 1999.
291
Andrew Strominger (Harvard University), interview with author, August 1, 2007.
292
Morrison, interview with author, May 29, 2008.
293
Brian Greene, Elegant Universe (New York: Vintage Books, 2000), pp. 268, 273.
294
Paul Aspinwall (Duke University), interview with author, June 6, 2008.
295
Morrison, interview with author, May 27, 2008.
296
Andrew Strominger (Harvard University), February 7, 2007.
297
Chris Beasley, Jonathan Heckman, and Cumrun Vafa, “GUTs and Exceptional Branes in F-Theory — I,” November 18, 2008,Chris Beasley, Jonathan Heckman, and Cumrun Vafa, “GUTs and Exceptional Branes in F-Theory — II: Experimental Predictions,” June 12, 2008,Ron Donagi and Martijn Wijnholt, “Model Building with F-Theory,” March 3, 2008,and Ron Donagi and Martijn Wijnholt, “Breaking GUT Groups in F-Theory,” August 17, 2008, http://lanl.arxiv,org/pdf/0808.2223vl.
298
Strominger, interview with author, July 23, 2007.
299
Cumrun Vafa (Harvard University), interview with author, November 2, 2007.
300
Leonard Mlodinow, Euclid's Mirror (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002), p. 255.
301
Edward Witten (Institute for Advanced Study), e-mail letter to author, February 12, 2007.