Port Arthur town of Knights of Round Table
Шрифт:
["the garrison numbered approximately 20,000 soldiers, but from his estimation, it should have had between 30,000 and 40,000 men stationed there. as military plus civilians] [?]
and more, including Russian owed Port Arthur town in Chine for some time, a battle for Port Arthur town, see in
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L"ushunkou_District
From Wikipedia
"Japan went on to occupy
Port Arthur
and to seize control of the whole
Liaodong Peninsula as spoils of war. As part of the terms of the
1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki
concluding the war,
Japan was granted the
Liaodong Peninsula but had to cede back the territory when threatened jointly with
war by
France, Germany and Russia in what is called
the Triple Intervention of 1895.
This was seen as a great humiliation in Japan.
Two years later,
Russia
coerced a lease of the Liaodong from China
and gained
railroad right-of-way to join the
Liaodong Peninsula to the Chinese Eastern Railway with a line running
from
Port Arthur and nearby Dalny (Dalian)
to the Chinese city of
Harbin (see Kwantung Leased Territory),
and systematically began to fortify the town and harbor at
Port Arthur.
[Railway
Port Arthur + Dalny (Dalian)
to
Harbin
as Russian building railway was]
This railway
from
Port Arthur to Harbin
became
a southern branch of the
Chinese Eastern Railway
(^not to be confused with the
South Manchurian Railway,
the name of a company that undertook its management during the later Japanese period after 1905).
Tsar Nicholas II
believed this acquisition of a Pacific port would
enhance Russian security,
and extend its economic influence.
Tsar Nicholas II
was also falsely informed that the
British were considering seizing the port.
All this was an additional goad to an already seething Japan. It was a hard lesson in international geopolitics Japan would not soon forget.
The Russian town of
Dalny (Dalien/Dalian) was undeveloped in this era
prior to 1898
when the
Russian Tsar Nicholas II
founded the town of Dalny (sometimes Dalney).
In 1902,
the Russian viceroy
de-emphasized
Dalny
(building
a palace
and cultural edifices
instead at Port Arthur),
except as a commercial port while continuing the development of manufacturing.
Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
Ten years later
Port Arthur
again played a central role in war in the Far East.
It is fair to say that at its heart,
the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
was an extended battle for the possession of
Port Arthur
and the railway to it, the Southern Manchurian Railway.
After the Boxer Rebellion (1900-01)
had been extinguished by
an international coalition of troops,
Russia
refused to withdraw its reinforcements from Manchuria and instead began to fortify and garrison the entire route along the Southern Manchurian Railway.
With this development,
Japan
proposed the two powers meet and discuss their respective roles in eastern Manchuria,
as the area was considered a portion of their respective spheres of influence.
Talks were conducted between 1902 and 1904.
While numerous proposals and agreement papers were generated between the two powers,
Russia
continued the
de facto
annexation of territory through fortification and garrison,
if not
de jure
while employing stalling tactics in its negotiations.
In the end, with over two years of intensive bilateral negotiations having gotten nowhere in clarifying each country's rights, prerogatives, and interests in inner Manchuria,
Japan
declared war on Russia
in February 1904." (from Wikipedia)
The Battle of Port Arthur
"The Battle of Port Arthur,
the opening battle of the Russo-Japanese War,
was fought in the heavily fortified harbor of the town of
Port Arthur/L"ushun [Lyushun, Lushun. Loushun]
on 9 February 1904
when the
Japanese attacked at night with torpedoes,
followed by a brief daylight skirmish by major surface combatants.