Английский язык для медиков: конспект лекций
Шрифт:
Cardiac muscle, like smooth muscle, is derived from splanchnic mesoderm.
New words
migrate – мигрировать
ventral – брюшной
to surround – окружать
somatic – соматический
cytoplasm – цитоплазма
spindle-shaped – веретенообразный
to fuse – плавить
cross-striations – поперечные бороздчатости
to appear – появляться
extensor – разгибающая мышца
dorsal – спинной
primary – первичный
ramus – ветвь
split –
extrinsic – внешний
intrinsic – внутренний
vertebral – позвоночный
arche – дуга
abdomen – живот
facial – лицевой
expression – выражение
to penetrate – проникать
segmental – сегментальный
branch – ветвь
Запомните следующие застывшие словосочетания.
In the middle
In the corner
To the right
To the left
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. There is… thick red… carpet in my… room… carpet is on… floor in… front of… sofa
2. Where is… table? – His… table is near… window.
3. I can see… fine… vase on… shelf. Is it your… vase?
4. We have no… piano in our… living-room.
5. My… uncle is… married. He has… beautiful wife. They have… son, but they have no… daughter.
6. I can see… nice… coffee-table in… middle of… room to… right of… door. It is. black and. red. I like… coffee-table.
7. Our… TV-set is on… little… table in… corner of… room.
8. There is… beautiful picture in my father's… study… picture is on… wall to… left of… window.
9. My aunt's flat is in. new house.
10. There is… living-room,… bedroom,… study,… bathroom and… kitchen in… flat.
11… bedroom is… large room with… two windows.
12… room is light as… windows are large.
13. There are… white curtains on.windows.
14. There are… two beds with. large pillows on them.
15. There are… small tables near… beds.
16. There are… lamps on them. To the left of… door there is… dressing-table with. looking – glass on it.
17. There is… low chair at the dressing – table.
18. There are… several pictures on… pale green walls.
19. There is… thick carpet on… floor.
20… carpet is dark green… room is very cosy.
Answer the questions.
1. What does the muscular system consist of?
2. What surround the intraembryonic coelom?
3. What form do myoblasts become?
4. Where myofibrils appear?
5. By what week body-wall musculature are divided?
6. What is the limb innervated by?
7. What does trunk musculature consist of?
8. Where is the cutaneous innervation of the limbs derived from?
9. Where is cardiac muscle derived from?
10. What do smooth muscles coat?
Make the sentences of your own using the new words (10 sentences).
Find the definite and indefinite articles in the text.
Find one word, which is a little bit different in meaning from others (найдите
1) a) abdomen; b) back; c) belly;
2) a) last; b) primary; c) first;
3) a) facial; b) lateral; c) appearance;
4) a) textbook; b) backbone; c) vertebral;
5) a) dark; b) night; c) day.
ЛЕКЦИЯ № 9. Skeleton
The bones of our body make up a skeleton. The skeleton forms about 18% of the weight of the human body.
The skeleton of the trunk mainly consists of spinal column made of a number of bony segments called vertebrae to which the head, the thoracic cavity and the pelvic bones are connected. The spinal column consists of 26 spinal column bones.
The human vertebrae are divided into differentiated groups. The seven most superior of them are the vertebrae called the cervical vertebrae. The first cervical vertebra is the atlas. The second vertebra is called the axis.
Inferior to the cervical vertebrae are twelve thoracic vertebrae. There is one rib connected to each thoracic vertebrae, making 12 pairs of ribs. Most of the rib pairs come together ventrally and join a flat bone called the sternum.
The first pairs or ribs are short. All seven pairs join the sternum directly and are sometimes called the «true ribs». Pairs 8, 9, 10 are «fal-se ribs». The eleventh and twelfth pairs of ribs are the «floating ribs».
Inferior to the thoracic vertebrae are five lumbar vertebrae. The lumbar vertebrae are the largest and the heaviest of the spinal column. Inferior to the lumbar vertebrae are five sacral vertebrae forming a strong bone in adults. The most inferior group of vertebrae are four small vertebrae forming together the соссух.
The vertebral column is not made up of bone alone. It also has cartilages.
New words
skeleton – скелет
make up – составлять
weight – вес
trunk – туловище
mainly – главным образом
thoracic cavity – грудная впадина
axis – ось
spinal column – позвоночник
inferior – низший
rib – ребро
pair – пара
sacral – сакральный
соссух – копчик
floating – плавающий
forming – формирующий
cartilage – хрящ
Если после конструкции there is (there are) стоит неисчисляе-мое существительное во множественном числе, вместо опущенного неопределенного артикля часто (не обязательно) употребляется слово «some».