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17. Verdon, Night, 75; Pavan, "Nuit V'enitienne," 353.
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19. Angelo Raine, ed., York Civic Records (Wakefield, Eng., 1942), III, 110; Falkus, "Lighting," 251–254; J. H. Thomas, Town Government in the Sixteenth Century… (London, [1933]), 56–57; Carl Bridenbaugh, Vexed and Troubled Englishmen, 1590–1642 (New York, 1967), 153–154.
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21. Jean Shirley, trans., A Parisian Journal, 1405–1449 (Oxford, 1968), 51; Thoresby, Diary, 1,190; Matthiessen, Natten, 24,118; David Cressy, Bonfires and Bells: National Memory and the Protestant Calendar in Elizabethan and Stuart England (London, 1989), 74; Bargellini, "Vita Notturna," 79.
22. James S. Amelang, ed., A Journal of the Plague Year: The Diary of the Barcelona Tanner Miquel Parets, 1651 (New York, 1991), 86; Koslofsky, "Court Culture," 746; Lord Herbert, ed., Henry, Elizabeth and George (1738–1780): Letters and Diaires of Henry, Tenth Earl of Pembroke and His Circle (London, 1939), 371; Luca Landucci, ed., A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516, trans. Alice De Rosen Jervis (London, 1927), 161, 29; May 29,1666, Pepys, Diary, VII, 136; Cressy, Bonfires and Bells, 85–92.
23. A. W. Verity, ed., Milton's Samson Agonistes (Cambridge, 1966), 7; Phillip Stubbes, Anatomy of the Abuses in England…, ed. Frederick J. Fumivall (London, 1877), I, 342; Dec. 6, 1764, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany and Switzerland, 1764 (New York, 1953), 243; Eamon Duffy, The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, c. 1400–1580 (New Haven, 1992), 407,419.
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27. J. M. Beattie, Policing in London, 1660–1750: Urban Crime and the Limits of Terror (Oxford, 2001), 172; Edward MacLysaght, Irish Life in the Seventeenth Century (New York, 1969), 197; Eug`ene Defrance, Histoire de l’'Eclairage des Rues de Paris (Paris, 1904), 36; Falkus, "Lighting," 254–264; Lettie S. Multhauf, "The Light of Lamp-Lanterns: Street Lighting in 17th-Century Amsterdam," Technology and Culture 26 (1985), 236–252; Ruff, Violence, 3; Cohens, Italy, 116–117; Jonathan Irvine Israel, The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall, 1477–1806 (New York, 1995), 681–682; Voisin, "Dijon la Nuit," 278.