Английский язык с Джонатаном Свифтом. Путешествия Гулливера
Шрифт:
powerful ['paVqfVl], ancient ['eInS(q)nt], government ['gAvq(n)mqnt]
He told me that, whatever his country seemed like to someone from another country, it suffered from two evils. There was a violent faction at home and there was the danger of an invasion by a most powerful enemy. He also told me that there had been two parties in the Empire for more than six years now. These were called Tramecksan and Slamecksan, after the high and low heels on their shoes. It was said that although the High-Heels agreed with the country's ancient laws, His Majesty had only Low-Heels in his government.
The hatred between these two parties was so strong (ненависть между этими двумя партиями столь сильна = велика) that they wouldn't eat or drink together (что они не станут ни есть, ни пить вместе = за одним столом; wouldn't = would not). Nor would they talk to each other (и
hatred ['heItrId], heir [eq], discover [dIs'kAvq]
The hatred between these two parties was so strong that they wouldn't eat or drink together. Nor would they talk to each other. The Tramecksan, or High-Heels, were more numerous, but the Low-Heels had the real power. He told me that His Highness the Prince, the heir to the crown, had a leaning towards the High-Heels. At least they discovered that one of his heels was higher than the other, making him hobble when he walked.
Now, on top of all this (теперь, в довершение всего = всех бед; top — верхушка, вершина, верх), the country was threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu (стране грозит нашествие с острова Блефуску; to threaten — грозить, угрожать /чем-л./; threatened — находящийся под угрозой). This was the other great Empire of the Universe (это другая великая империя во вселенной) and almost as large as Lilliput (почти такая же большая, как Лилипутия). Although they had heard from me (несмотря на то, что они слышали от меня) that there were other kingdoms in the world (что на свете существуют другие королевства) with people as large as myself (с людьми такими же большими, как я сам), they were in doubt (они /в этом/ сомневались: «были в сомнении») and would prefer to think (и были скорее готовы допустить: «предпочли бы думать/считать»; would здесь используется для образования условного наклонения) that I had dropped from the moon (что я упал с луны) or one of the stars (или с какой-нибудь звезды: «одной из звезд»). A hundred people of my size (/ведь/ сто человек моего размера = роста) would, in a short time, destroy all the crops and cattle on His Majesty's land (в короткое время уничтожили бы все плоды и весь скот на земле его величества; to destroy — разрушать; истреблять, уничтожать; crop — сельскохозяйственная культура; урожай; посев).
threaten [Tretn], invasion [In'veIZ(q)n], doubt [daVt]
Now, on top of all this, the country was threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu. This was the other great Empire of the Universe and almost as large as Lilliput. Although they had heard from me that there were other kingdoms in the world with people as large as myself, they were in doubt and would prefer to think that I had dropped from the moon or one of the stars. A hundred people of my size would, in a short time, destroy all the crops and cattle on His Majesty's land.
Their history, which goes back five hundred years (их летописи, которые ведутся уже пятьсот лет; history — история; историческая наука; хроника, летописи; to go back — идти назад, возвращаться; простираться назад, уходить вглубь /во времени или пространстве/), didn't mention any other countries apart from Lilliput and Blefuscu (не упоминают ни о каких других странах, кроме Лилипутии и Блефуску). These two mighty powers (эти две могущественные державы; power — сила, мощь; держава) had been at war for the last three years (уже три года: «в течение трех последних лет» находятся в состоянии войны). Reldresal explained to me how it had come about (объяснил мне, как это случилось = причину этого; to come about — появляться, возникать; случаться,
history ['hIst(q)rI], mention ['menS(q)n], come [kAm]
Their history, which goes back five hundred years, didn't mention any other countries apart from Lilliput and Blefuscu. These two mighty powers had been at war for the last three years. Reldresal explained to me how it had come about.
It had been generally accepted (/раньше/ было общепринятым; generally — вообще; обычно, как правило; в большинстве случаев; повсеместно; to accept — принимать; соглашаться) that the correct way to take the top off an egg (что правильный способ очистить яйцо от скорлупы: «снять верх с яйца») before eating it (прежде чем его есть) was by breaking the larger end (— /это/ разбить его с тупого конца: «при помощи разбивания большего конца»). But the King's grandfather, when he was a boy (но дед /нынешнего/ короля/монарха, когда был ребенком: «мальчиком»), happened to cut one of his fingers (нечаянно порезал себе палец; to happen — случаться, происходить; to happen to do smth. — непреднамеренно совершить какое-л. действие) while breaking the top off his egg in this usual way (очищая яйцо этим обычным/традиционным способом; while — в то время как). So the boy's father, the Emperor (тогда император, отец ребенка), made a law ordering all his people to break their eggs at the smaller end (сделал = издал закон, предписывающий всем его подданным разбивать яйца с острого: «меньшего» конца).
correct [kq'rekt], grandfather ['grxn(d)"fRDq], finger ['fINgq]
It had been generally accepted that the correct way to take the top off an egg before eating it was by breaking the larger end. But the King's grandfather, when he was a boy, happened to cut one of his fingers while breaking the top off his egg in this usual way. So the boy's father, the Emperor, made a law ordering all his people to break their eggs at the smaller end.
The people hated this law so much (люди возненавидели этот закон так сильно = до такой степени) that it had caused six rebellions (что он стал причиной шести восстаний). One Emperor even lost his life (один император даже потерял жизнь) and another his crown (а другой — корону). Over the years (на протяжении многих лет), eleven thousand people had suffered death (одиннадцать тысяч человек пошли на казнь; to suffer — страдать; испытывать, претерпевать; to suffer death — подвергаться смертной казни) rather than break their eggs at the smaller end (лишь бы не разбивать яйца с острого конца; rather — лучше, охотнее, предпочтительнее). Many Big-Endians had left Lilliput and gone to live in Blefuscu (многие тупоконечники покинули Лилипутию и переселились: «отправились жить» в Блефуску). Hundreds of books had been written about this dispute (были написаны сотни книг, посвященных этому спору: «об этом споре»; to write). But the books written by the Big-Endians had been banned (но книги, написанные тупоконечниками, были запрещены).
rebellion [rI'beljqn], rather ['rRDq], live [lIv]
The people hated this law so much that it had caused six rebellions. One Emperor even lost his life and another his crown. Over the years, eleven thousand people had suffered death rather than break their eggs at the smaller end. Many Big-Endians had left Lilliput and gone to live in Blefuscu. Hundreds of books had been written about this dispute. But the books written by the Big-Endians had been banned.
The Big-Endians, who were welcomed in Blefuscu (тупоконечники, которые были радушно приняты в Блефуску), had gained so much support from their party at home (получили такую поддержку со стороны своих единомышленников на родине; party — сторона в сражении, споре; участник, соучастник; группа; политическая партия) that a bloody war had been going on between the two Empires for three years (что кровавая война между двумя = обеими империями продолжается /уже/ в течение трех лет; to go on — идти дальше; продолжать/ся/; длиться). During this time, the Lilliputians had lost forty ships (за это время лилипуты потеряли сорок крупных кораблей; ship — корабль; трехмачтовая шхуна) and many more smaller vessels (намного больше малых: «меньших» судов; vessel — сосуд; судно, корабль). They had also lost thirty thousand seamen and soldiers (также они лишились тридцати тысяч моряков и солдат). The damage received by the enemy was thought to be even greater (полагают, что ущерб, понесенный: «полученный» противником, еще больше/значительнее: «ущерб… считается еще более значительным»).