Практическая грамматика английского языка
Шрифт:
Обзорные упражнения к §§ 88—114
Переведите на русский язык:
1. Many houses, factories, schools, hospitals and museums were destroyed in Leningrad by artillery shelling and bombing during the blockade. All of them have now been rebuilt. 2. Vast cultural treasures are concentrated in Leningrad. 3. Since the construction of the Saratov-Moscow gas pipe-line, several more long pipe-lines have been built and put into operation. 4. Much is being done in the Soviet Union to spread rural electrification. 5. In the Soviet Union the price of food and manufactured goods is being progressively lowered and sales steadily increasing. 6. The Lenin Collective Farm is located in the Kirsanov District, Tambov Region. Its total collective property is valued at millions of roubles. 7. The clubhouse of the Lenin Collective Farm is a centre of busy activity — sound films are shown, performances are given and lectures are arranged. 8. Lectures which are delivered by eminent scientists at the Palace of Culture of, the Moscow Automobile Works are always attended by hundreds of workers and engineers. 9. G. Bortkevich, a turner of the Sverdlov Works in Leningrad and a talented young innovator, who was followed by other advanced Leningrad workers, proved that the fixed rates of speed were out-of-date. They were joined by the workers in all the Leningrad factories, and before long the movement for higher speeds spread throughout the country. 10. When we came to the University clinic, an operation was being performed by a well-known professor. The operation was being watched by a number of medical students. 11. Many engineers and workers have been awarded orders for new inventions, designs and perfected production processes.
1. The defendants were ordered to pay the invoice amount plus the costs of the action. 2. The goods have been dispatched by the s. s. “Minsk”. 3. Special attention has been paid to the packing so that the goods may withstand oversea transport. 4. The expert enclosed with his report photos of the broken parts of the machine which were referred to in the report. 5. We are informed that the manufacture of this material has been suspended. 6. The charterers submitted to the arbitrators copies of the letters which had been exchanged with the shipowners, 7. When
the consignment arrived, a shortage in weight of 270 pounds was discovered. 8. Two kinds of offers are generally distinguished in trade: offers which are made without obligation and firm offers. 9. Rubber is much used in the electrical industry. 10. When goods are sold on c. i. f. terms, it is the duty of the sellers to provide tonnage for the transportation of the goods. 11. The captain was instructed to discharge the cargo in Odessa. 12. We shall send you all the documents as soon as the goods are shipped. 13. The buyers were allowed 10 per cent, discount. 14. We informed the suppliers that some goods, which were urgently needed, had not been delivered in spite of the suppliers’ undertaking to effect delivery within 10 days. 15. If an amicable settlement is not arrived at, the dispute is decided by arbitration. 16. The suppliers informed the buyers that their complaint would carefully be looked into. 17. The latest rise in metal prices in London was commented upon in all special publications.
Переведите
1. Исследовательская работа ведется во всех институтах нашей страны. 2. Лес перевозится на специальных судах, называемых лесовозами. 3. Мне говорили вчера, что его пригласили работать на заводе. 4. Для педагогов, работающих в сельских местностях, строятся индивидуальные жилые дома. 5. На Кавказе и в Крыму, а также в ряде других районов страны, для советских учителей построены санатории и дома отдыха. 6. Соглашение было достигнуто после долгих переговоров. 7. На эти сведения можно положиться. 8. Заключение соглашения комментировалось в газетах. 9. Им будет предоставлен долгосрочный кредит. 10. Нам не показали каталогов, которые были получены из Лондона. 11. Он говорит, что надо послать за товарищем А. 12. Что строится на вашей улице? 13. Он думал, что товары будут осмотрены, как только их разгрузят. 14. Этот вопрос должен быть решен до того, как соглашение будет подписано.
ПОВЕЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ НАКЛОНЕНИЕ
К § 116
Переведите на английский язык:
1. Не закрывайте окна. 2. Позовите носильщика, пожалуйста. 3. Пойдемте домой. 4. Не сердитесь на меня. 5. Прочитайте эту статью. 6. Покажите мне эти документы. 7. Пусть он пойдет туда один. 8. Пусть она сделает эту работу сама. 9. Пусть они подождут меня внизу. 10. Пусть он не ходит туда сегодня вечером. 11. Пусть они не ждут
ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ
К §§ 127—130
Объясните употребление глагола to be в следующих предложениях и переведите на русский язык:
1. They were at home last night. 2. He is a well-known scientist. 3. They are to leave Moscow to-night. 4. The children were walking down the street. 5. She is an experienced teacher. 6. The letter will be posted at once. 7. He is in Kiev now. 8. We were to part that day. 9. The letter was written by the secretary. 10. They were to have arrived at seven o’clock. 11. The purpose of his visit was to negotiate for the purchase of timber.
Переведите на английский язык:
1. Ее нет здесь сейчас, она дома. 2. Его не было дома вчера вечером. 3. Он един из лучших врачей нашей больницы. 4. Его задача заключается в том,
чтобы собрать материал по этому вопросу к 1 июня. 5. Он находится сейчас в Крыме. 6. Она будет там в 5 часов. 7. Пароход должен прйдти в 6 часов вечера. 8. Его брат инженер. 9. Я должен был встретиться с ним в 8 часов вечера. 10. Он будет рад вас видеть.
к §§ 132-137
Объясните употребление глагола to have в следующих предложениях и переведите на русский язык:
1. She has come home. 2. He has a large family. 3. We have to leave home early in the morning. 4. He had the letter typed. 5. He has dinner at home. 6. They had to complete their work on Monday. 7. We shall have plenty of fruit in the autumn. 8. He will have read the story by ten o’clock.
Переведите на английский язык:
1. У меня нет словаря. 2. У меня был вчера очень интересный разговор с профессором Д. 3. У него есть очень интересные книги но радио. 4. Я должен буду пойти туда еще раз. 5. У нас завтра будет собрание. 6. Я должен вставать теперь очень рано. 7. Вы вчера обедали в ресторане? 8. Есть ли у вас красный карандаш? 9. У меня не было времени навестить его вчера. 10. Нужно ли вам идти в библиотеку сегодня?
К §§ 139—140
Объясните употребление глагола to do в следующих предложениях и переведите на русский язык:
1. Did you speak to him? No, I didn’t. 2. Do stay with us a little longer. 3. Where does he live? 4. He will do it himself. 5. Don’t open the window. 6. What did he do there? 7. I am sorry you don’t know my brother. — But I do know him.
К §§ 143—146, 151—153
Объясните употребление глаголов shall и will в следующих предложениях и переведите на русский язык:
1. I shall be tired after the lecture. 2. Shall he do it for you? 8. Shall I fetch your umbrella? 4. You shall get all the necessary books to-morrow.
1. We will help you if you wish. 2. The train will arrive at 8.15. 3. I believe that she will be busy at five. 4. Will you shut the door?
Вместо точек вставьте глаголы shall и will и переведите на русский язык:
I. ... you have a cup of tea or a cup of coffee? 2. I ... have a cup of tea, please. 3. I am very glad that summer... come soon. 4. I ... go to the library now as I ... have plenty of time before dinner. 5. Hurry up! You ... miss your train. 6. ... Helen fetch your magazines, or ... you go yourself? 7. I ... be very glad to see them. 8. ... you come and dine with me on Sunday? Of course, I ... . 9. I expect that 1 ... get a letter from him in a few days. 10. When ... we have the meeting? — We ... have it on Friday. 11. I forbid you to do it. If you do, you ... remain in your room for the rest of the day. 12. ... I go and bring«your overcoat? 13. I promise you that you ... get the book on Saturday. 14. He ... feel better to-morrow, I am sure. 15. I ... certainly go to see him as I like him very much. 16. I ... be very glad to meet your friend. 17. ... I help you or ... you do it alone? 18. I wonder if I ... be invited. 19. ... you take it with you, or ... I send it? 20. Anyone ... tell you the way if you ask. 21. ... I expect you at five? 22. If I go to Leningrad, I ... see my brother. 23. He ... go there whether he 656